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WordPress Guide → Images → Media Library
What is the media library in WordPress? (and how to use it)
Trying to figure out how WordPress stores your images, videos, and PDFs? The Media Library is where it all lives—and once you understand how it works, managing content becomes a lot easier.
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What is the WordPress Media Library?
The Media Library in WordPress is a centralized area where you can upload, view, edit, and manage all the media files used on your site. That includes images, audio, video, PDFs, and other file types you’ve added through posts, pages, or directly from the dashboard. Whether you’re inserting a featured image, embedding a video, or attaching a downloadable PDF, it’s all coming from your Media Library.
You’ll find it by going to Media > Library in your WordPress dashboard. From there, you can browse files in grid or list view, search by keyword, or filter by file type and upload date.
How to add files to your Media Library
There are a few different ways to add media files:
1. Upload directly through the Media Library:
- Go to Media > Library
- Click Add New
- Drag and drop files or click Select Files to upload from your computer
2. Upload while editing a post or page:
- Click the + icon to add a block
- Choose the Image, Gallery, Video, or File block
- Click Upload or Media Library to insert a file
3. Use FTP or file manager tools: Advanced users can upload files via FTP or cPanel file manager, but those files won’t automatically appear in the Media Library unless you register them with a plugin like Add From Server.
How to edit files in your Media Library
Once a file is uploaded, you can tweak a few details right from your dashboard.
To edit file metadata:
- Go to Media > Library
- Click on any item to open the Attachment Details screen
- You can change the title, caption, alt text, and description
To edit images directly:
- In the Attachment Details screen, click Edit Image
- You can:
- Crop, rotate, or flip the image
- Scale it down to specific dimensions
- Choose to apply edits to all sizes or just one
Note: WordPress doesn’t offer built-in editing for non-image file types like PDFs or videos—you’ll need to replace or re-upload those if you want to change them.
Common Media Library errors (and how to resolve them)
1. Images not showing
This often happens due to:
- Incorrect file permissions on the server
- A theme or plugin conflict
- Hotlinking protection blocking image URLs
Fixes:
- Check file permissions (they should be 644 for files and 755 for folders)
- Deactivate recent plugins to find the culprit
- Regenerate thumbnails with Regenerate Thumbnails
And don’t worry about making images responsive in WordPress for different devices. WordPress automatically resizes images into three additional sizes post upload:
- Thumbnail size (150 x 150 pixels)
- Medium size (300 x 300 pixels)
- Large size (1024 x 1024 pixels)
2. Media Library not loading
If your Media Library shows a blank screen or endless loading spinner:
- A JavaScript error from a plugin or theme is likely interfering
- Your browser cache could be outdated
- Server memory limits may be too low
Fixes:
- Check your browser’s developer console for JS errors
- Deactivate plugins one by one
- Increase PHP memory limit in wp-config.php:
define(‘WP_MEMORY_LIMIT’, ‘256M’);
3. File type not allowed
WordPress blocks certain file types by default (like SVGs or ZIPs).
Fixes:
- Use a plugin like File Upload Types
- Or add a mime_types filter in your functions.php
4. Upload limit errors
If you get “file exceeds the maximum upload size,” your server’s upload_max_filesize or post_max_size settings are too low
Fix: Update your PHP settings via your host control panel
Media Library management best practices
Keeping your Media Library clean helps with performance and content organization. Here’s how:
- Name files clearly before uploading (e.g. team-photo-2024.jpg instead of IMG1234.jpg)
- Add alt text for every image to improve accessibility and SEO
- Compress images before upload with tools like TinyPNG or plugins like Smush
- Avoid uploading duplicates—reuse existing files when possible
- Delete unused media with a plugin like Media Cleaner
- Backup your media regularly—your files are just as important as your posts
How to use WordPress Media Library folders
By default, WordPress stores files in /wp-content/uploads/ organized by year and month (e.g. /uploads/2025/03/). But the Media Library doesn’t show folders natively in the dashboard.
To get visual folders for better organization:
- Use a plugin like FileBird or Media Library Organizer
- Drag and drop files into custom folders without changing actual URLs
This is a great option for content-heavy sites or when managing lots of product images.
How to export a Media Library from WordPress
You might need to export your Media Library when migrating a site or creating backups. There are several ways to do this.
1. Use the WordPress Export Tool:
- Go to Tools > Export
- Select Media, then click Download Export File
- This gives you an XML file, but you’ll still need to move the actual /uploads/ folder manually via FTP or your hosting panel
2. Use a plugin:
- Export Media Library lets you download your entire library as a zipped folder
- Or use WP All Export for more control
3. Full site backups: Your hosting provider might have you covered. If you host with Liquid Web’s Managed Hosting for WordPress, for example, backups include your Media Library. You can restore individual files or entire directories without needing extra plugins.
Getting started with the Media Library in WordPress
The WordPress Media Library gives you a simple way to store, manage, and reuse your site’s content. It’s not just a folder of files—it’s integrated into every part of your site-building process.
Next step: Open your Media Library now, clean up a few unused images, and try editing an image’s metadata. It’s a quick way to get more comfortable—and start using your content more efficiently.
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Additional resources
What is WordPress? →
A complete beginner’s guide to WordPress.org
ShortPixel Image Optimizer for WordPress: A quick beginner guide →
Optimized images are one of the easiest to speed up your site’s front-end load time. And there are several other image optimizer WordPress plugins available.
What is managed WordPress hosting? →
Discover how an added layer of support takes server IT off your shoulders